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1994-05-02
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<text>
<title>
Andorra: Government
</title>
<article><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Andorra
Government</hdr><body>
<list>
<l>Names:</l>
<l> conventional long form: Principality of Andorra</l>
<l> conventional short form: Andorra</l>
<l> local long form: Principat d'Andorra</l>
<l> local short form: Andorra</l>
</list>
<p>Digraph: AN
</p>
<p>Type: parliamentary coprincipality under formal sovereignty of
president of France and Spanish bishop of Seo de Urgel, who are
represented locally by officials called veguers; to be changed
to a parliamentary form of government
</p>
<p>Capital: Andorra la Vella
</p>
<p>Administrative divisions: 7 parishes (parroquies, singular -
parroquia); Andorra, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Les Escaldes,
Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria
</p>
<p>Independence: 1278
</p>
<p>Constitution: Andorra's first written constitution was drafted
in 1991; adopted 14 March 1993; to take effect within 15 days
</p>
<p>Legal system: based on French and Spanish civil codes; no
judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction
</p>
<p>National holiday: Mare de Deu de Meritxell, 8 September
</p>
<p>Political parties and leaders: political parties not yet
legally recognized; traditionally no political parties but
partisans for particular independent candidates for the General
Council on the basis of competence, personality, and orientation
toward Spain or France; various small pressure groups developed
in 1972; first formal political party, Andorran Democratic
Association, was formed in 1976 and reorganized in 1979 as
Andorran Democratic Party
</p>
<p>Suffrage: 18 years of age, universal
</p>
<p>Elections:
</p>
<p> General Council of the Valleys: last held 12 April 1992
(next to be held April 1996); results - percent of vote by party
NA; seats - (28 total) number of seats by party NA
</p>
<p>Executive branch: two co-princes (president of France, bishop
of Seo de Urgel in Spain), two designated representatives
(French veguer, Episcopal veguer), two permanent delegates
(French prefect for the department of Pyrenees-Orientales,
Spanish vicar general for the Seo de Urgel diocese), president
of government, Executive Council
</p>
<p>Legislative branch: unicameral General Council of the Valleys
(Consell General de las Valls)
</p>
<p>Judicial branch: Supreme Court of Andorra at Perpignan
(France) for civil cases, the Ecclesiastical Court of the bishop
of Seo de Urgel (Spain) for civil cases, Tribunal of the Courts
(Tribunal des Cortes) for criminal cases
</p>
<p>Leaders:
</p>
<p> Chiefs of State: French Co-Prince Francois MITTERRAND (since
21 May 1981), represented by Veguer de Franca Jean Pierre
COURTOIS (since NA); Spanish Episcopal Co-Prince Mgr. Juan MARTI
Alanis (since 31 January 1971), represented by Veguer Episcopal
Francesc BADIA Bata
</p>
<p> Head of Government: Executive Council President Oscar RIBAS
Reig (since 10 Decmber 1989)
</p>
<p>Member of: INTERPOL, IOC
</p>
<p>Diplomatic representation in US: Andorra has no mission in the
US
</p>
<p>US diplomatic representation: Andorra is included within the
Barcelona (Spain) Consular District, and the US Consul General
visits Andorra periodically
</p>
<p>Flag: three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow,
and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow
band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to
the flags of Chad and Romania that do not have a national coat
of arms in the center
</p></body></article></text>